Tag Archives: disk

Partitioning in Windows 7

November 7, 2013 Null

Needed to remove junk from a USB thumb drive. Google search yielded a nice find at http://www.bleepingcomputer.com/forums/t/219693/unable-to-format-usb-stick-to-full-capacity/

1) Type “DISKPART” from the Command Prompt (accessible by clicking on Start and then typing “cmd” into the open field); you will then see the following prompt: DISKPART>

2) Type “LIST DISK” to see what number your USB drive is listed as.

3) Type “SELECT DISK 2” (if your USB is disk 2; replace # with your disk #); Diskpart will confirm that “Disk 2 is now the select disk.”

4) Type “SELECT PARTITION 1” (this command selects what should be the only partition on your USB drive, the small one that you want to delete to get back the larger, full partition size). Diskpart will confirm with “Partition 1 is now the selected partition.”

5) Type “DELETE PARTITION”. This will delete the old partition. There are no warning prompts if you have existing data – make sure you have copied everything off before doing this!

6) Type “CREATE PARTITION PRIMARY” to create a new, full-size partition. Diskpart will confirm with message of “Diskpart succeeded in creating the specified partition.” You can type in “LIST PARTITION” to confirm the new, full-size.

7) Type “EXIT” to leave Diskpart. You can now format your USB drive by using the standard Windows formatting process.

Hard Drives, Hardware

Barracuda Green ST2000DL003

February 11, 2013 Null 2 Comments

http://www.seagate.com/files/staticfiles/support/docs/manual/desktop/Barracuda%20Green/100649225c.pdf

Reformatted a bit to fit on page.

I have 6 of these (2TB) in each NAS Raid5 setup plus motherboard, AMD cpus, RAM etc.
This page is for researching a replacement PSU.

—

2.8.1 Power consumption
Power requirements for the drives are listed in Table 2 on page 15. Typical power measurements are based on an average of drives tested, under nominal conditions, using 5.0V and 12.0V input voltage at 25°C ambient temperature.

• Spinup power Spinup power is measured from the time of power-on to the time that the drive spindle reaches operating speed.

• Read/write power and current
Read/write power is measured with the heads on track, based on a 16-sector write followed by a 32-ms delay, then a 16-sector read followed by a 32-ms delay.

• Operating power and current
Operating power is measured using 40 percent random seeks, 40 percent read/write mode (1 write for each 10
reads) and 20 percent drive idle mode.

• Idle mode power
Idle mode power is measured with the drive up to speed, with servo electronics active and with the heads in a random track location.

• Standby mode
During Standby mode, the drive accepts commands, but the drive is not spinning, and the servo and read/write electronics are in power-down mode.

Table 2 DC power requirements
Avg (watts 25°C) Avg 5V typ amps Avg 12V typ amps
Spinup — — 2.1
Idle* † 4.5 0.151 0.303
Operating 5.8 0.440 0.300
Standby 0.50 0.085 0.01
Sleep 0.50 0.085 0.01

	Avg (watts 25°C)	Avg 5V typ amps	Avg 12V typ amps
Spinup	—	—	2.1
Idle* †	4.5	0.151	0.303
Operating	5.8	0.440	0.300
Standby	0.50	0.085	0.01
Sleep	0.50	0.085	0.01

*During periods of drive idle, some offline activity may occur according to the S.M.A.R.T. specification, which may increase acoustic and power to operational levels.
†5W IDLE, Standby and Sleep,with DIPLM Enabled

Hard Drives, Hardware, Linux, OS

Seagate ST32000542AS 2TB Setup

March 5, 2011 Null

A lot of ST32000542AS drives come with the CC34 firmware. Apparently it has various known problems, one of which is an annoying click (click of death). The first thing you’ll want to do is upgrade the firmware to CC35. A Link to the instructions is in the references section below.

Once that is done, the next step, if it exists, is removing HPA from the drive.
You’ll know it has HPA enabled by running hparm. HPA results in less capacity and so it’s not a good thing in an array.

We’ll be using Debian 6.0 (squeeze).

hparm -N /dev/sdb

You should see a difference in the numbers here. I chose to take the highest number. This completely disables HPA.

hdparm -N p3907029168 /dev/sdb

Finally, we should end up with full usability of the drive.

fdisk -l /dev/sdb

Disk /dev/sdb: 2000.4 GB, 2000398934016 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 243201 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000000

Disk /dev/sdb doesn’t contain a valid partition table

Power cycle (not reboot) to confirm settings survive.

References:
Updating the firmware on the drives:
Seagate 2TB ST32000542AS CC35 Firmware upgrade

Disabling HPA using hdparm:
unRAID Server Community parity

Linux, OS

Debian Squeeze iscsitarget

March 4, 2011 Null 3 Comments

Since Debian squeeze doesn’t appear to include pre-built iscsitarget kernel modules, the iscsitartget-dkms must be installed. This is a source package and will install gcc etc to compile. It should compile automatically.

apt-get install iscsitarget-dkms

Here is a list of iscsi related packages I installed on my secondary NAS:
iscsitarget 1.4.20.2-1 iSCSI Enterprise Target userland tools
iscsitarget-dkms 1.4.20.2-1 iSCSI Enterprise Target kernel module source – dkms version
open-iscsi 2.0.871.3-2squeeze1 High performance, transport independent iSCSI implementation

I found this info in a bug report through google after I received a module not found error when issuing a /etc/init.d/iscsitarget restart

Linux, OS

50+ Hard Drives

October 14, 2009 Null

I’ve used more than 50 hard drives in my home IT projects over the years and I’ve never had one start to fail. Keep in mind, these are commodity, off-the-shelf, drives. Meant for laptops, not the continual usage they see here.

Don’t get me wrong, I’ve had them get loud. Loud to the point I have replaced them to maintain sanity but I’ve never had one report bad sectors… Until now.

I guess I’ve been lucky.

I’ve been having some reliability issues with my firewall and I think I’ve finally traced it down to the hard drive heading south for the winter.

It’s been a rock solid drive. I really like the Barracudas from Seagate. Enough that I will replace this one with another I have sitting in storage.

1111 days + 22 hours run-time is nothing to sneeze at for a PATA drive.

S.M.A.R.T. log:

Drive 0 (/dev/hda):
smartctl version 5.38 [i686-pc-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.7 and 7200.7 Plus family
Device Model: ST3120022A
Serial Number: 3JS31735
Firmware Version: 3.54
User Capacity: 120,034,123,776 bytes
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 6
ATA Standard is: ATA/ATAPI-6 T13 1410D revision 2
Local Time is: Wed Oct 14 15:01:01 2009 CDT
SMART support is: Available – device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 430) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
No General Purpose Logging support.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 85) minutes.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 057 054 006 Pre-fail Always – 110843279
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 097 095 000 Pre-fail Always – 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always – 56
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always – 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 087 060 030 Pre-fail Always – 628105282
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 070 070 000 Old_age Always – 26687
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always – 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always – 957
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 032 057 000 Old_age Always – 32
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 057 054 000 Old_age Always – 110843279
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always – 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline – 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 190 000 Old_age Always – 27
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline – 0
202 TA_Increase_Count 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always – 0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 27 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It “wraps” after 49.710 days.

Error 27 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 26686 hours (1111 days + 22 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.