Comments: use '#' for comment lines and ';' (following a space) for inline comments
The DEFAULT allows a global definition of the options. They can be overridden
in each jail afterwards.
[DEFAULT]
"ignoreip" can be an IP address, a CIDR mask or a DNS host. Fail2ban will not
ban a host which matches an address in this list. Several addresses can be
defined using space separator.
ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8
External command that will take an tagged arguments to ignore, e.g. ,
and return true if the IP is to be ignored. False otherwise.
#
ignorecommand = /path/to/command
ignorecommand =
"bantime" is the number of seconds that a host is banned.
bantime = 600
A host is banned if it has generated "maxretry" during the last "findtime"
seconds.
findtime = 600
"maxretry" is the number of failures before a host get banned.
maxretry = 3
"backend" specifies the backend used to get files modification.
Available options are "pyinotify", "gamin", "polling" and "auto".
This option can be overridden in each jail as well.
#
pyinotify: requires pyinotify (a file alteration monitor) to be installed.
If pyinotify is not installed, Fail2ban will use auto.
gamin: requires Gamin (a file alteration monitor) to be installed.
If Gamin is not installed, Fail2ban will use auto.
polling: uses a polling algorithm which does not require external libraries.
auto: will try to use the following backends, in order:
pyinotify, gamin, polling.
backend = auto
"usedns" specifies if jails should trust hostnames in logs,
warn when DNS lookups are performed, or ignore all hostnames in logs
#
yes: if a hostname is encountered, a DNS lookup will be performed.
warn: if a hostname is encountered, a DNS lookup will be performed,
but it will be logged as a warning.
no: if a hostname is encountered, will not be used for banning,
but it will be logged as info.
usedns = warn
This jail corresponds to the standard configuration in Fail2ban.
The mail-whois action send a notification e-mail with a whois request
in the body.
[pam-generic]
enabled = false
filter = pam-generic
action = iptables-allports[name=pam,protocol=all]
logpath = /var/log/secure
[xinetd-fail]
enabled = false
filter = xinetd-fail
action = iptables-allports[name=xinetd,protocol=all]
logpath = /var/log/daemon*log
[ssh-iptables]
enabled = true
filter = sshd
action = iptables[name=SSH, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=SSH, dest=you@example.com, sender=fail2ban@example.com, sendername="Fail2Ban"]
logpath = /var/log/secure
maxretry = 5
[ssh-ddos]
enabled = false
filter = sshd-ddos
action = iptables[name=SSHDDOS, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/sshd.log
maxretry = 2
[dropbear]
enabled = false
filter = dropbear
action = iptables[name=dropbear, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/messages
maxretry = 5
[proftpd-iptables]
enabled = false
filter = proftpd
action = iptables[name=ProFTPD, port=ftp, protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=ProFTPD, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/proftpd/proftpd.log
maxretry = 6
[gssftpd-iptables]
enabled = false
filter = gssftpd
action = iptables[name=GSSFTPd, port=ftp, protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=GSSFTPd, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/daemon.log
maxretry = 6
[pure-ftpd]
enabled = false
filter = pure-ftpd
action = iptables[name=pureftpd, port=ftp, protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/pureftpd.log
maxretry = 6
[wuftpd]
enabled = false
filter = wuftpd
action = iptables[name=wuftpd, port=ftp, protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/daemon.log
maxretry = 6
[sendmail-auth]
enabled = false
filter = sendmail-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=sendmail-auth, port="submission,465,smtp", protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
[sendmail-reject]
enabled = false
filter = sendmail-reject
action = iptables-multiport[name=sendmail-auth, port="submission,465,smtp", protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
This jail forces the backend to "polling".
[sasl-iptables]
enabled = false
filter = postfix-sasl
backend = polling
action = iptables[name=sasl, port=smtp, protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=sasl, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
ASSP SMTP Proxy Jail
[assp]
enabled = false
filter = assp
action = iptables-multiport[name=assp,port="25,465,587"]
logpath = /root/path/to/assp/logs/maillog.txt
Here we use TCP-Wrappers instead of Netfilter/Iptables. "ignoreregex" is
used to avoid banning the user "myuser".
[ssh-tcpwrapper]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = hostsdeny[daemon_list=sshd]
sendmail-whois[name=SSH, dest=you@example.com]
ignoreregex = for myuser from
logpath = /var/log/sshd.log
Here we use blackhole routes for not requiring any additional kernel support
to store large volumes of banned IPs
[ssh-route]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = route
logpath = /var/log/sshd.log
maxretry = 5
Here we use a combination of Netfilter/Iptables and IPsets
for storing large volumes of banned IPs
#
IPset comes in two versions. See ipset -V for which one to use
requires the ipset package and kernel support.
[ssh-iptables-ipset4]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = iptables-ipset-proto4[name=SSH, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/sshd.log
maxretry = 5
[ssh-iptables-ipset6]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = iptables-ipset-proto6[name=SSH, port=ssh, protocol=tcp, bantime=600]
logpath = /var/log/sshd.log
maxretry = 5
bsd-ipfw is ipfw used by BSD. It uses ipfw tables.
table number must be unique.
This will create a deny rule for that table ONLY if a rule
for the table doesn't ready exist.
#
[ssh-bsd-ipfw]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = bsd-ipfw[port=ssh,table=1]
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
maxretry = 5
This jail demonstrates the use of wildcards in "logpath".
Moreover, it is possible to give other files on a new line.
[apache-tcpwrapper]
enabled = false
filter = apache-auth
action = hostsdeny
logpath = /var/log/apache/error.log
/home/www/myhomepage/error.log
maxretry = 6
[apache-modsecurity]
enabled = false
filter = apache-modsecurity
action = iptables-multiport[name=apache-modsecurity,port="80,443"]
logpath = /var/log/apache/error.log
/home/www/myhomepage/error.log
maxretry = 2
[apache-overflows]
enabled = false
filter = apache-overflows
action = iptables-multiport[name=apache-overflows,port="80,443"]
logpath = /var/log/apache/error.log
/home/www/myhomepage/error.log
maxretry = 2
[apache-nohome]
enabled = false
filter = apache-nohome
action = iptables-multiport[name=apache-nohome,port="80,443"]
logpath = /var/log/apache/error.log
/home/www/myhomepage/error.log
maxretry = 2
[nginx-http-auth]
enabled = false
filter = nginx-http-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=nginx-http-auth,port="80,443"]
logpath = /var/log/nginx/error.log
[squid]
enabled = false
filter = squid
action = iptables-multiport[name=squid,port="80,443,8080"]
logpath = /var/log/squid/access.log
The hosts.deny path can be defined with the "file" argument if it is
not in /etc.
[postfix-tcpwrapper]
enabled = false
filter = postfix
action = hostsdeny[file=/not/a/standard/path/hosts.deny]
sendmail[name=Postfix, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/postfix.log
bantime = 300
[cyrus-imap]
enabled = false
filter = cyrus-imap
action = iptables-multiport[name=cyrus-imap,port="143,993"]
logpath = /var/log/mail*log
[courierlogin]
enabled = false
filter = courierlogin
action = iptables-multiport[name=courierlogin,port="25,110,143,465,587,993,995"]
logpath = /var/log/mail*log
[couriersmtp]
enabled = false
filter = couriersmtp
action = iptables-multiport[name=couriersmtp,port="25,465,587"]
logpath = /var/log/mail*log
[qmail-rbl]
enabled = false
filter = qmail
action = iptables-multiport[name=qmail-rbl,port="25,465,587"]
logpath = /service/qmail/log/main/current
[sieve]
enabled = false
filter = sieve
action = iptables-multiport[name=sieve,port="25,465,587"]
logpath = /var/log/mail*log
Do not ban anybody. Just report information about the remote host.
A notification is sent at most every 600 seconds (bantime).
[vsftpd-notification]
enabled = false
filter = vsftpd
action = sendmail-whois[name=VSFTPD, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/vsftpd.log
maxretry = 5
bantime = 1800
Same as above but with banning the IP address.
[vsftpd-iptables]
enabled = false
filter = vsftpd
action = iptables[name=VSFTPD, port=ftp, protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=VSFTPD, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/vsftpd.log
maxretry = 5
bantime = 1800
Ban hosts which agent identifies spammer robots crawling the web
for email addresses. The mail outputs are buffered.
[apache-badbots]
enabled = false
filter = apache-badbots
action = iptables-multiport[name=BadBots, port="http,https"]
sendmail-buffered[name=BadBots, lines=5, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/www/*/logs/access_log
bantime = 172800
maxretry = 1
Use shorewall instead of iptables.
[apache-shorewall]
enabled = false
filter = apache-noscript
action = shorewall
sendmail[name=Postfix, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/apache2/error_log
Monitor roundcube server
[roundcube-iptables]
enabled = false
filter = roundcube-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=RoundCube, port="http,https"]
logpath = /var/log/roundcube/userlogins
Monitor SOGo groupware server
[sogo-iptables]
enabled = false
filter = sogo-auth
without proxy this would be:
port = 20000
action = iptables-multiport[name=SOGo, port="http,https"]
logpath = /var/log/sogo/sogo.log
[groupoffice]
enabled = false
filter = groupoffice
action = iptables-multiport[name=groupoffice, port="http,https"]
logpath = /home/groupoffice/log/info.log
[openwebmail]
enabled = false
filter = openwebmail
logpath = /var/log/openwebmail.log
action = ipfw
sendmail-whois[name=openwebmail, dest=you@example.com]
maxretry = 5
[horde]
enabled = false
filter = horde
logpath = /var/log/horde/horde.log
action = iptables-multiport[name=horde, port="http,https"]
maxretry = 5
Ban attackers that try to use PHP's URL-fopen() functionality
through GET/POST variables. - Experimental, with more than a year
of usage in production environments.
[php-url-fopen]
enabled = false
action = iptables-multiport[name=php-url-open, port="http,https"]
filter = php-url-fopen
logpath = /var/www/*/logs/access_log
maxretry = 1
[suhosin]
enabled = false
filter = suhosin
action = iptables-multiport[name=suhosin, port="http,https"]
adapt the following two items as needed
logpath = /var/log/lighttpd/error.log
maxretry = 2
[lighttpd-auth]
enabled = false
filter = lighttpd-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=lighttpd-auth, port="http,https"]
adapt the following two items as needed
logpath = /var/log/lighttpd/error.log
maxretry = 2
This jail uses ipfw, the standard firewall on FreeBSD. The "ignoreip"
option is overridden in this jail. Moreover, the action "mail-whois" defines
the variable "name" which contains a comma using "". The characters '' are
valid too.
[ssh-ipfw]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = ipfw[localhost=192.168.0.1]
sendmail-whois[name="SSH,IPFW", dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
ignoreip = 168.192.0.1
!!! WARNING !!!
Since UDP is connection-less protocol, spoofing of IP and imitation
of illegal actions is way too simple. Thus enabling of this filter
might provide an easy way for implementing a DoS against a chosen
victim. See
http://nion.modprobe.de/blog/archives/690-fail2ban-+-dns-fail.html
Please DO NOT USE this jail unless you know what you are doing.
#
IMPORTANT: see filter.d/named-refused for instructions to enable logging
This jail blocks UDP traffic for DNS requests.
[named-refused-udp]
#
enabled = false
filter = named-refused
action = iptables-multiport[name=Named, port="domain,953", protocol=udp]
sendmail-whois[name=Named, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/named/security.log
ignoreip = 168.192.0.1
IMPORTANT: see filter.d/named-refused for instructions to enable logging
This jail blocks TCP traffic for DNS requests.
[named-refused-tcp]
enabled = false
filter = named-refused
action = iptables-multiport[name=Named, port="domain,953", protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=Named, dest=you@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/named/security.log
ignoreip = 168.192.0.1
[nsd]
enabled = false
filter = nsd
action = iptables-multiport[name=nsd-tcp, port="domain", protocol=tcp]
iptables-multiport[name=nsd-udp, port="domain", protocol=udp]
logpath = /var/log/nsd.log
[asterisk]
enabled = false
filter = asterisk
action = iptables-multiport[name=asterisk-tcp, port="5060,5061", protocol=tcp]
iptables-multiport[name=asterisk-udp, port="5060,5061", protocol=udp]
sendmail-whois[name=Asterisk, dest=you@example.com, sender=fail2ban@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/asterisk/messages
maxretry = 10
[freeswitch]
enabled = false
filter = freeswitch
logpath = /var/log/freeswitch.log
maxretry = 10
action = iptables-multiport[name=freeswitch-tcp, port="5060,5061,5080,5081", protocol=tcp]
iptables-multiport[name=freeswitch-udp, port="5060,5061,5080,5081", protocol=udp]
[ejabberd-auth]
enabled = false
filter = ejabberd-auth
logpath = /var/log/ejabberd/ejabberd.log
action = iptables[name=ejabberd, port=xmpp-client, protocol=tcp]
Historical support (before https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban/issues/37 was fixed )
use [asterisk] for new jails
[asterisk-tcp]
enabled = false
filter = asterisk
action = iptables-multiport[name=asterisk-tcp, port="5060,5061", protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=Asterisk, dest=you@example.com, sender=fail2ban@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/asterisk/messages
maxretry = 10
Historical support (before https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban/issues/37 was fixed )
use [asterisk] for new jails
[asterisk-udp]
enabled = false
filter = asterisk
action = iptables-multiport[name=asterisk-udp, port="5060,5061", protocol=udp]
sendmail-whois[name=Asterisk, dest=you@example.com, sender=fail2ban@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/asterisk/messages
maxretry = 10
[mysqld-iptables]
enabled = false
filter = mysqld-auth
action = iptables[name=mysql, port=3306, protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=MySQL, dest=root, sender=fail2ban@example.com]
logpath = /var/log/mysqld.log
maxretry = 5
[mysqld-syslog]
enabled = false
filter = mysqld-auth
action = iptables[name=mysql, port=3306, protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/daemon.log
maxretry = 5
Jail for more extended banning of persistent abusers
!!! WARNING !!!
Make sure that your loglevel specified in fail2ban.conf/.local
is not at DEBUG level -- which might then cause fail2ban to fall into
an infinite loop constantly feeding itself with non-informative lines
[recidive]
enabled = false
filter = recidive
logpath = /var/log/fail2ban.log
action = iptables-allports[name=recidive,protocol=all]
sendmail-whois-lines[name=recidive, logpath=/var/log/fail2ban.log]
bantime = 604800 ; 1 week
findtime = 86400 ; 1 day
maxretry = 5
PF is a BSD based firewall
[ssh-pf]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = pf
logpath = /var/log/sshd.log
maxretry = 5
[3proxy]
enabled = false
filter = 3proxy
action = iptables[name=3proxy, port=3128, protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/3proxy.log
[exim]
enabled = false
filter = exim
action = iptables-multiport[name=exim,port="25,465,587"]
logpath = /var/log/exim/mainlog
[exim-spam]
enabled = false
filter = exim-spam
action = iptables-multiport[name=exim-spam,port="25,465,587"]
logpath = /var/log/exim/mainlog
[perdition]
enabled = false
filter = perdition
action = iptables-multiport[name=perdition,port="110,143,993,995"]
logpath = /var/log/maillog
[uwimap-auth]
enabled = false
filter = uwimap-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=uwimap-auth,port="110,143,993,995"]
logpath = /var/log/maillog
[osx-ssh-ipfw]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = osx-ipfw
logpath = /var/log/secure.log
maxretry = 5
[ssh-apf]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = apf[name=SSH]
logpath = /var/log/secure
maxretry = 5
[osx-ssh-afctl]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = osx-afctl[bantime=600]
logpath = /var/log/secure.log
maxretry = 5
[webmin-auth]
enabled = false
filter = webmin-auth
action = iptables-multiport[name=webmin,port="10000"]
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
dovecot defaults to logging to the mail syslog facility
but can be set by syslog_facility in the dovecot configuration.
[dovecot]
enabled = false
filter = dovecot
action = iptables-multiport[name=dovecot, port="pop3,pop3s,imap,imaps,submission,465,sieve", protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
[dovecot-auth]
enabled = false
filter = dovecot
action = iptables-multiport[name=dovecot-auth, port="pop3,pop3s,imap,imaps,submission,465,sieve", protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/secure
[solid-pop3d]
enabled = false
filter = solid-pop3d
action = iptables-multiport[name=solid-pop3, port="pop3,pop3s", protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/mail.log
[selinux-ssh]
enabled = false
filter = selinux-ssh
action = iptables[name=SELINUX-SSH, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
logpath = /var/log/audit/audit.log
maxretry = 5
See the IMPORTANT note in action.d/blocklist_de.conf for when to
use this action
#
Report block via blocklist.de fail2ban reporting service API
See action.d/blocklist_de.conf for more information
[ssh-blocklist]
enabled = false
filter = sshd
action = iptables[name=SSH, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=SSH, dest=you@example.com, sender=fail2ban@example.com, sendername="Fail2Ban"]
blocklist_de[email="fail2ban@example.com", apikey="xxxxxx", service=%(filter)s]
logpath = /var/log/sshd.log
maxretry = 20
consider low maxretry and a long bantime
nobody except your own Nagios server should ever probe nrpe
[nagios]
enabled = false
filter = nagios
action = iptables[name=Nagios, port=5666, protocol=tcp]
sendmail-whois[name=Nagios, dest=you@example.com, sender=fail2ban@example.com, sendername="Fail2Ban"]
logpath = /var/log/messages ; nrpe.cfg may define a different log_facility
maxretry = 1
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